The Math Behind Batch Normalization

Explore Batch Normalization, a cornerstone of neural networks, understand its mathematics, and implement it from scratch.

Cristian Leo
Towards Data Science
21 min readMay 8, 2024

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Batch Normalization is a key technique in neural networks as it standardizes the inputs to each layer. It tackles the problem of internal covariate shift, where the input distribution of each layer…

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A Data Scientist with a passion about recreating all the popular machine learning algorithm from scratch.